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SIR WINSTON CHURCHILL
SIR WINSTON CHURCHILL (1874-1965). Winston Leonard Churchill was without doubt the ruling figure in British politics during the first half of the 20th century. Having had a seat in Parliament since 1900, he was First Lord of the Admiralty between 1911 and 1915, when he was mainly responsible for arming the British fleet against the expansionist aim of the German Kaiser1. Between 1917 and 1929 he held a large number of different Cabinet posts, including that of Minister of War between 1918 and 1921, and finally became Chancel¬lor of the Exchequer. In the 1930s his political star began to wane somewhat, but at the outbreak of the Second World War he was the man who immediately came to mind and he was made First Lord of the Admiralty. In 1940, as Prime Minister of an all-party government, Churchill at last en¬tered No 10 Downing Street.
Winston Churchill
He and President Roosevelt drew up the Atlantic Charter in 1941, and at the conferences of the "Big Three" (USA, USSR and Great Britain) it was he who put forward the guidelines gov¬erning the order of things in post-war Europe. Although he was successful in leading his
country to victory, a lack of a satisfactory economic and financial policy resulted in the Conservative government being defeated in the 1945 General Election. However, he did return once more as Prime Minister between 1951 and 1955. Highly regarded as a painter, Churchill also received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1953 for his account of the Second World War. It was through his prediction that an "Iron Curtain" would divide Europe from north, to south that he left his mark on the period of the Cold War.
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